메모지
출처 : http://www.gpsinformation.org/dale/nmea.htm#GGA
GGA - essential fix data which provide 3D location and accuracy data.
$GPGGA,123519,4807.038,N,01131.000,E,1,08,0.9,545.4,M,46.9,M,,*47
Where:
GGA Global Positioning System Fix Data
123519 Fix taken at 12:35:19 UTC
4807.038,N Latitude 48 deg 07.038' N
01131.000,E Longitude 11 deg 31.000' E
1 Fix quality: 0 = invalid
1 = GPS fix (SPS)
2 = DGPS fix
3 = PPS fix
4 = Real Time Kinematic
5 = Float RTK
6 = estimated (dead reckoning) (2.3 feature)
7 = Manual input mode
8 = Simulation mode
08 Number of satellites being tracked
0.9 Horizontal dilution of position
545.4,M Altitude, Meters, above mean sea level
46.9,M Height of geoid (mean sea level) above WGS84
ellipsoid
(empty field) time in seconds since last DGPS update
(empty field) DGPS station ID number
*47 the checksum data, always begins with *
If the height of geoid is missing then the altitude should be suspect. Some non-standard implementations report altitude with respect to the ellipsoid rather than geoid altitude. Some units do not report negative altitudes at all. This is the only sentence that reports altitude.
xe의 기본 captcha에는 오류가 있음.
설정에서 '1번만 동작'으로 해 놓으면 댓글/글 작성시에 한 번 오류가 나면 다음 번에도 계속 "권한이 없습니다"는 경고를 출력하며 글 등록이 안됨(글 등록이 금지된 상태를 계속 기억하고 있음). 이 문제는 '매번 동작'으로 설정을 바꿔 놓으면 해결할 수 있음.
근본적인 해결을 위해서는 captcha 애드온의 코드를 수정해야 함. '1번만 동작'으로 해 놓아도, 글쓰기 오류가 발생할 경우 captcha를 초기화해서 새로 실행하도록 코드를 바꿀 필요가 있음.
*xe의 기본 스팸필터에서 제한 시간 내에 글 등록 금지를 설정하고 이 애드온을 사용했을 때 위의 오류를 만날 가능성이 높음. 이 때에는 스팸필터가 보여주는 경고문(xx초 이내로 계속 글을 등록하면 스팸IP로 등록이 되어...)을 보여주지 못하기 때문에 방문자는 홈페이지의 오류로 판단하게 될 가능성이 높음.
2010. 8. 27~28. 제주도 남쪽 TD 발생
->일반적인 TD가 아니라 중위도에서 발달한 아열대폭풍(subtropical cyclone)일 가능성 있음. 사례 분석 필요.
->당시 일기도를 보면 위의 사진에서 제주도 남쪽 해상에는 일반적인 온대저기압 발달 구조에서 나타나는 연직 구조를 보이고 있었음. 이후에 이 저기압은 열대성 저기압(TD)과 유사한 모습으로 변화.
->당시의 일기도에서 남쪽에 표시되어 있었던 TD와는 별개로, 그 북쪽에서 따로(새롭게) 발달한 아열대폭풍일 가능성이 높아 보임.
*참고: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Subtropical_cyclone
Comet McNaught, also known as the Great Comet of 2007 and given the designation C/2006 P1, is a non-periodic comet discovered on August 7, 2006 by British-Australian astronomer Robert H. McNaught.[2] It was the brightest comet for over 40 years, and was easily visible to the naked eye for observers in the Southern Hemisphere in January and February 2007.
With an estimated peak magnitude of -5.5, the comet was the second brightest since 1935.[3] Around perihelion on January 12, it was visible worldwide in broad daylight. Its tail measured an estimated 35 degrees in length at its peak.[4]
Given its estimated eccentricity over 1.0, suggesting a hyperbolic trajectory, it is believed McNaught will leave the Solar System and never be seen again.
행성: vsop2000, vsop2002b
vsop87update: IPS2000
내려받기 주소:
1. VSOP2000: ftp://syrte.obspm.fr/pub/francou/vsop2000
2. IPS2000: ftp://syrte.obspm.fr/pub/polac/3_solar_system/1_ips2000/
3. ELP/MPP02: ftp://syrte.obspm.fr/pub/polac/2_lunar_solutions/2_elpmpp02/
4. VSOP2002B: ?
5. VSOP2004: ?
논문:
Analytical Planetary solution VSOP2000
-> 이 논문은 학술지 Celestial mechanics and dynamical astronomy 제 80권(Volume 80, Numbers 3-4 / 2001년 7월) 205-213쪽에 수록되어 있음. 이 학술지는 서울대학교에서 인쇄본을 소장하고 있고 경북대, 서울대 등 다수의 기관에서 온라인 구독권을 가지고 있음.
참고: http://scholar.ndsl.kr/requestToNDSL.do?pagekind=journalhold&bibctrlno=29119&seqno=1092&pubyear=2001&dbt=NJOU#
JPL DE 시리즈:
ftp://ssd.jpl.nasa.gov/pub/eph/planets/ascii/
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jet_Propulsion_Laboratory_Development_Ephemeris
ftp://ftp.astro.com/pub/swisseph/
http://coreessence.com/ephem.htm
천체력 별로 주소가 나와있음.
일식 계산법
The mathematical theory of eclipses according to Chauvenet's transformation of Bessel's method explained and illustrated, to which are appended Transits of Mercury and Venus and Occultations of fixed stars (1904)
http://ia331404.us.archive.org/3/items/mathematicaltheo00buchrich/mathematicaltheo00buchrich.pdf
참고
http://books.google.co.kr/books?id=69mfe9i5-soC&pg=PA231&lpg=PA231&dq=vsop2002b&source=bl&ots=utBsLS5P-3&sig=vn3OIvxuNnDHtGk34mi3VnheSBY&hl=ko&ei=b9ipS4vTF8uIkAWwu_mkBA&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=7&ved=0CDwQ6AEwBg#v=onepage&q=&f=true
DE200 : (includes nutations but not librations)
JED 2305424.5 (1599 DEC 09) to JED 2513360.5 (2169 MAR 31)
This ephemeris has been the basis of the Astronomical Almanac since
1984. It is based upon the dynamical equator and equinox of J2000
(see Standish, 1982 and Standish, 1990).
DE403 : (includes both nutations and librations)
JED 2433264.5 (1949 DEC 14) to JED 2469808.5 (2050 JAN 02)
Tied to the International Celestial Reference Frame through comparison of
UTPM estimates from Lunar Laser Ranging and VLBI
DE405 : (includes both nutations and librations)
JED 2305424.50 (1599 DEC 09) to JED 2525008.50 (2201 FEB 20)
Tied to the International Celestial Reference Frame through VLBI
observations of the Magellan spacecraft in orbit around Venus.
DE405 was created in May-June 1997.
DE406 : a "Long Ephemeris" (includes neither nutations nor
librations)
JED 0624976.50 (-3001 FEB 04) to 2816912.50 (+3000 MAY 06)
This is the same ephemeris as DE405, though the accuracy of the
interpolating polynomials has been lessened (interpolation on the
64-day mesh points remains exact, however). For DE406/LE406, the
interpolating accuracy is no worse than 25 meters for any planet and
no worse than 1 meter for the moon.
DE406 requires about 10 megabytes for each 300-year block.
DE410 : Specialzed ephemeris used for Mars Exploration Rover navigation
(DE409 is identical except for the reference vale uf GM for Mars)
Tied to ICRF by VLBI observations of Mars Global Surveyor and
Mars Odyssey.
Created 24 April 2003
DE413 : A special ephemeris to update the orbit of Pluto to aid in planning
for an accolutation of a relatively bright start by Pluto's satellite Charon
on 11 July 2005.
Created 4 November 2004
DE414 : An ephemeris fit to ranging data from MGS and Odyssey through 2003
in addition to many other data types for all planets.
Integration covers 1599 to 2201. Some aspects are documented in
Alex S Konopliv et al., Icarys vol 182, pp 23-50 (2006).
Created May 2005
- DE118
- This was the best available planetary ephemeris as of 1983, spanning the 1850-2050 time range, based on transit circle measurements since 1911, planetary radar since 1964, lunar laser ranging since 1969, and Viking spacecraft ranging on Mars since 1974. Its larger time span companion was DE102 [ref 3], which covered 1411 BD to 3002 AD. The major ephemerides leading to DE118 were DE96, DE102, DE108, and DE111 [ref 5]. All of these ephemerides, including DE118 are in the B1950 coordinate system.
- DE200
- This is DE118 rotated into the J2000 coordinate system [ref 4]. DE200 has been the basis for the calculation of Astronomical Almanac planetary tables since 1984.
- DE125
- Created in July 1985 for the Voyager encounter with Uranus [ref 6].
- DE130
- Created in October 1987 for the Voyager encounter with Neptune [ref 6].
- DE202
- This is DE130 rotated into the J2000 coordinate system. DE202 is more accurate for the outer planets than is DE200 [ref 6].
- DE403
- A new ephemeris [ref 7] aligned with the (J2000) reference frame of the Radio Source Catalog of the International Earth Rotation Service (IERS). It it based on planetary and reference frame data available in 1995.